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Table of Contents
Each person is unique, and each disability affects each person differently. The information in this section is a very simple overview of some common disabilities. It is aimed to provide a starting point for more research. Use the assessment tools to learn as much as you can about the individual. The person with the disability and/or their caregiver will understand their abilities better than anyone else.
Muscular Dystrophy
A group of disorders involving deterioration/loss of muscle cells and tissue resulting in progressive muscle weakness. The four most common types are…
Myotonic
Genetic. Most common form. Begins in adulthood. Most predominant in the lower legs, hands, neck, and face. Characterised by prolonged muscle tensing (myotonia) and an inability to relax certain muscles after use. Can also cause cataracts and heart problems.
Duchenne’s
Rapidly-worsening. Not known to be genetic. Most severe in the legs and pelvic region. Duchenne’s generally presented by the age of 6. Frequent breathing disorders and damage to the heart.
Becker’s
Similar in presentation to Duchenne’s but progresses at a much slower rate and is certainly an inherited disorder. Most people can walk until around 25-30 years. Women rarely develop symptoms.
Limb-Girdle
Can present anytime from child to adulthood. Affects the muscles surrounding the shoulders and hips. Slow progression. Heart problems can occur in later stages.
Teaching Considerations
- Avoid fatiguing the student and take frequent breaks.
- Take care when lifting and avoid falls due to the possibility of loose joints from muscle tone loss.
- Change position frequently to reduce stiffness associated with prolonged immobility.
Common Red Flags
- Fatigue
- Affected muscle control