Each person is unique, and each disability affects each person differently. The information in this section is a very simple overview of some common disabilities. It is aimed to provide a starting point for more research. Use the assessment tools to learn as much as you can about the individual. The person with the disability and/or their caregiver will understand their abilities better than anyone else.

Albinism is a genetic disorder characterised by the absence or reduction of melanin pigment in the skin, hair, and eyes, resulting in fair skin, light-coloured hair, and hypopigmented or translucent irises.

In addition to its effects on skin and hair coloration, albinism can also impact visual development and function, leading to various ocular abnormalities such as reduced visual acuity, nystagmus, photophobia, and misrouting of optic nerve fibres.

These visual impairments can significantly affect individuals’ ability to perform tasks requiring clear and comfortable vision, necessitating interventions such as prescription eyewear, low vision aids, and visual rehabilitation services to optimise visual function and facilitate participation in daily activities.